Camera Operator (Portable Single Camera) - TV
Camera Operator is a senior role within television camera departments, but precise responsibilities vary greatly depending on the type of production. On high budget television dramas or commercials, the Camera Operator's main role is to support the Director of Photography (DoP or DP), and the Director, by accurately carrying out their instructions regarding shot composition and development. Camera Operators also cover other drama productions, documentaries, current affairs and news, operating Portable Single Cameras (PSC) and shooting on various tape or digital formats.
Camera Operators need advanced technical skills, combined with creative skills, and must know how to operate the camera to achieve the desired result. Camera Operators usually work on a freelance basis, and job availability can be unpredictable. Hours are long (12-14 hours a day), and some foreign travel may be involved, involving long periods spent away from base, which can be challenging to home and family life.
What is the job?
On high budget dramas or commercials shot on film, the DP may recommend a Camera Operator, but Operators are usually selected by the Director. Once hired, they work closely with the First Camera Assistant (Focus Puller). They oversee the preparation and checking of camera equipment. During shooting, Operators are responsible for all aspects of camera operation, enabling the DP to concentrate intensively on lighting and overall visual style. While the DP and Director discuss the composition of each shot, the Operator ensures that the camera and associated equipment are prepared for the required set-up, always keeping alert for any last-minute changes.
Camera Operators must be able to multi-task, and to watch, listen and think on their feet while carrying out complex technical tasks. They liaise closely with the Director, fine-tuning the exact details of each shot, which often involves suggesting creative improvements or alternatives. They supervise the logistics of moving the camera, and oversee the Camera maintenance work carried out by the Focus Puller and the Second Camera Assistant (Clapper Loader on Film). Camera Operators work closely with performers, guiding them on what can and cannot be seen by the camera. Single Camera Operators also work closely with Directors, composing shots and offering creative suggestions, and overseeing all technical aspects of camera operation.
Typical career routes
Although film schools and training courses offer a good basic grounding in the skills and knowledge required for this role, intensive industry experience is the key. Most Camera Operators begin their careers as Camera Trainees or Runners, and work their way up through the ranks of the camera department over several years. Most experienced Operators, especially those working in drama and commercials, aim to progress to being a DP or Lighting Camera person within a few years.
Essential knowledge and skills
Camera Operators in any television genre require great technical ability, industry-gained craft skills in camera work, and an extensive knowledge of how camera equipment works. Creative input and artistic ability are also vital. Diplomacy, leadership, team-working, and communication skills are essential, in order to liaise effectively with other members of the crew, production staff and performers. As the decision-making process may take some time, patience is also essential.
Key Skills include:
- ability to carry out instructions with great accuracy and attention to detail
- mathematical ability to calculate shots and camera moves with precision and speed
- in-depth knowledge of the principles of the craft of camera work
- knowledge of the relevant electronics
- good IT skills
- excellent communication, interpersonal and diplomatic skills
- good colour vision, and excellent hand-to-eye co-ordination
- physical stamina for working long hours and moving heavy equipment
- knowledge of the requirements of the relevant Health and Safety legislation and procedures.
Training and qualifications
No specific qualifications are required to work in this role. Studio/OB Camera Operators usually learn most of their practical skills through hands-on experience on the job. However, continual professional development is vital, especially as technology changes rapidly. BBC Training and Development and the National Film and Television School are among the training providers offering industry recognised short courses.
Useful advice and information can be gained by studying trade journals, attending exhibitions and joining industry forums. Basic stills photography, which develops visual and composition skills, also provides a useful starting point in training for this role.
Skillet's network of Media Academies are institutions that it has identified as offering the highest quality of media skills training. Details are available on the Skillset website: www.skillset.org/training/san/sma
Where to go for more information
Skillset is the Sector Skills Council Creative Media. The first sources of information for all jobs in the industry are the National Occupational Standards. Browse Skillset's website for links to our network of training partners, information about training and access to the comprehensive Skillset/BFI course database. Skillset Careers is UK's only specialist media careers advice service; for detailed media careers information and advice, visit www.skillset.org/careers.
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Camera Operator (Portable Single Camera) - TV
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